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In many countries nowadays, consumers can go to a supermarket and buy food produced all over the world. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?
In recent years, the globalization of food markets has allowed consumers in many countries to purchase food products from around the world in their local supermarkets. While this phenomenon offers certain benefits, such as increased variety2 and access to exotic products, it also brings about significant drawbacks, including environmental concerns and potential impacts on local economies. On balance1, I believe that this development is more negative than positive.
Firstly, one of the major advantages of this global food market is the increased variety available to consumers. People can enjoy exotic fruits, vegetables, and other food items that are not native to their country, thus enriching their culinary experiences. This accessibility also allows for a more balanced diet, as consumers have access to a wider range of nutrients3 from diverse food sources. Moreover, it can lead to increased cultural exchange and understanding, as people learn about different cuisines and traditions through the foods they consume.
However, the negatives of this development are significant. The transportation of food products across the globe contributes to environmental degradation4. The carbon footprint associated with the shipping and handling of these goods is substantial, increasing greenhouse gas emissions and exacerbating climate change. For instance, the airfreight of perishable goods like fruits and vegetables involves considerable energy consumption and pollution.
Additionally, the global availability of food products can adversely affect local economies. Local farmers and producers may struggle to compete with5 large international companies that can offer lower prices due to economies of scale. This competition can lead to the decline of local agriculture, resulting in job losses and economic instability within rural communities. It can also lead to a loss of cultural heritage6, as traditional farming practices and local food varieties may be overshadowed by imported goods.
In conclusion, while the ability to purchase food from around the world in local supermarkets has its perks, the environmental costs and economic impacts on local communities make this trend a predominantly negative development. It is crucial for policymakers to consider these factors and promote sustainable practices that support local economies while minimizing environmental harm.
容易答偏：不能只罗列进口食品的好处或坏处。题目要的是总体判断，因此必须有清楚立场，并让支持该立场的一方论证更充分，说明为什么它压过另一方。
范文承认全球食品供应增加选择和文化接触，但认为环境代价及对本地经济的冲击更严重，所以总体偏负面。
任务回应
On balance, I believe that this development is more negative than positive.
开头明确作答，没有把文章写成单纯的利弊清单。后文先给积极面，再用两个主体段展开负面面，篇幅和论证重心都与“负面更多”的立场一致。
For instance, the airfreight of perishable goods like fruits and vegetables involves considerable energy consumption and pollution.
环境段不是停留在“运输有污染”的结论，而是举出易腐食品空运这一具体情形，帮助说明跨国食品流通为何可能带来更高环境成本。
连贯与衔接
However, the negatives of this development are significant.
第二个主体段用转折把讨论从好处切到坏处，读者能立刻知道论证重点改变。随后用“Additionally”补充另一类坏处，形成环境、经济两个并列主线。
词汇
economies of scale
这处表达准确解释了大型国际企业为何可能提供更低价格，不只是笼统说它们“更强”。文中也围绕环境和农业使用了相对具体的词，使因果关系更清楚。
语法
Local farmers and producers may struggle to compete with large international companies that can offer lower prices due to economies of scale.
句子把受影响者、困难、比较对象和价格原因放进同一条逻辑链中。信息虽多，但中心仍清楚：本地生产者竞争困难的原因在于对方的成本优势。
文章的总体结构完整，但积极面写得稍多且较分散，“更均衡饮食”和“文化理解”没有结合题中超市消费场景进一步证明。负面论证也主要是常见因果链，缺少更具体的比较，例如哪些食品确需长途运输、对本地农户的影响如何发生。结尾提出政策建议不算错误，但题目只问正负面，这一句对判断本身贡献有限。
编号对应上面范文里的下划线。换成你自己的话题和例子，不要照搬。
1On balance
在承认两面以后，引出自己的总体权衡和最终判断。
换成你的：先写你承认的有限好处，再接自己的结论；不要机械使用，后文必须真的完成比较。
2increased variety
概括消费者能买到更多食物种类这一直接好处。
换成你的：换成你题目中的具体便利，如更多选择、更多服务或更多信息，并在后面解释受益者。
3access to a wider range of nutrients
把“选择更多”推进到可能改善饮食来源的结果。
换成你的：换成与你所写对象相符的第二层结果，避免只重复“很方便”或“很好”。
4contributes to environmental degradation
把运输活动和环境损害建立起明确的因果关系。
换成你的：换成你的现象造成的环境结果，后面补上排放、资源消耗或垃圾增加等具体机制。
5struggle to compete with
指出弱势一方在市场竞争中面临压力。
换成你的：可换成小商家、本地企业或个人服务者，并说明他们为何无法与大型平台或企业竞争。
6a loss of cultural heritage
把经济竞争的后果延伸到传统做法和地方食物的消失。
换成你的：只有话题确实涉及传统或地方特色时才使用，并写清究竟是哪一种实践被替代。
用“While”先让步承认好处，再在同一句提出更值得讨论的坏处。
While this phenomenon offers certain benefits, such as increased variety and access to exotic products, it also brings about significant drawbacks, including environmental concerns and potential impacts on local economies.
这句话在引言里很有效，因为它不是一上来只喊立场，而是先显示看到了另一面。后面的主体段也确实分别展开了这些内容，所以让步不是空话。使用时，前半句写对方真实且有限的合理点，后半句要放你准备重点证明的核心问题。
近年来，随着食品市场的全球化，许多国家的消费者可以在当地超市购买来自世界各地的食品。虽然这种现象带来了一些好处，例如增加了品种和获取异国产品的机会，但也带来了显著的缺点，包括环境问题和对当地经济的潜在影响。总的来说，我认为这是一种负面多于正面的发展。
首先，这种全球食品市场的主要优势之一是消费者可获得的品种增多。人们可以享用本国没有的异国水果、蔬菜和其他食品，从而丰富了他们的饮食体验。这种便利也使得消费者能够获得更均衡的饮食，因为他们可以从多元化的食品来源中获取更广泛的营养。此外，还可以促进文化交流和理解，因为人们通过消费食物了解不同的烹饪和传统。
然而，这一发展的负面影响是显著的。食品产品在全球范围内运输会对环境造成损害。与这些商品的运输和处理相关的碳足迹是巨大的，增加了温室气体排放，加剧了气候变化。例如，易腐烂食品如水果和蔬菜的空运涉及大量的能源消耗和污染。
此外，食品产品的全球供应可能对当地经济产生不利影响。当地农民和生产商可能难以与能够因规模经济而提供更低价格的大型国际公司竞争。这种竞争可能导致当地农业的衰退，造成农村社区的失业和经济不稳定。这也可能导致文化遗产的丧失，因为传统的农业实践和地方食品品种可能会被进口商品所掩盖。
总之，虽然在当地超市购买世界各地的食品有其好处，但环境成本和对当地社区经济的影响使这一趋势成为一种主要负面的发展。政策制定者必须考虑这些因素，并促进支持地方经济的可持续做法，同时尽量减少对环境的危害。